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Man-eating tigers are a by-product of the human-caused climate crisis.

A tigress in the Indian state of Maharashtra, where Avni also lived and died.
RealityImages/Shutterstock
▼ The way that we live on Earth is causing an unprecedented accelerationin species extinction. Now, more than half a million species “ have insufficient habitat for long-term survival” and are likely to go extinct unless their natural environments are restored. But we are already seeing major problems from this intrusion, not least through an increase in human-animal conflict.
A case in evidence is that of Avni, a “man-eating” Indian tigress who achieved something close to global recognition at the end of 2018. Man-eating leopards, lions, and tigers aren’t uncommon in India—several are killed or captured annually. But Avni achieved fame when a designer colognewas used in an attempt to lure her into a trap. Sadly, the bait failed and she was ultimately hunted down and killed.
This tragic tale of a tigress gone rogue unleashed a range of debates on the ethicsof hunting, the pragmaticsof capture, and the elitismof urban conservationists who were furious at her killing. What was somewhat missing from the discussion was the question of what made Avni the tigress into a man-eater in the first place.
The reasons why big cats turn on humans are complex and can be specific to individuals. But they can no longer be explained outside the context of climate change. Biodiversity depletion, habitat loss, extreme weather events, and a greater struggle over natural resources are affecting how animals live across the entire Indian subcontinent, and indeed the world. We should look to the case of Avni not for the peculiar baiting method, but rather for what her life and death tells us about the climate crisis.
Human land and tiger land
Commonsensically, we assume a distinction between “human land” and “animal land”, or spaces that are human-dominated and those that are reserved for animals. There are, of course, landscapes that are more amenable to the habitation of big cats. Leopards are temperamentally comfortable in scrub forests, for example, and tigers were thought to prefer dense forests. But this distinction between spaces is becoming increasingly artificial, especially in densely populated countries like India. (▪ ▪ ▪)
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