An Action is Criminal

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Some Facts

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*-     French Sociologist Emile Durkheim defined collective conscience as: "the totality of beliefs and sentiments common to average citizens of the same society which forms a determinate system which has its own life."

*-    According to Durkheim, an action is criminal "when it offends the strong, well-defined states of the collective consciousness".

The result of a crime is a passionate reaction that occurs in the form of punishment. This is done in order to safeguard the collective consciousness.

Durkheim thus saw the very purpose of penal law, as one designed to safeguard the collective consciousness of society.

Source: Article-"Does our "Collective Conscience" Lead us to Hanging?"; The Hindu; June 5, 2017