This Professor Called Coconut Oil 'Pure Poison.' Is She Right?

Pedro_P

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▼ A Harvard nutrition professor's lecture has ignited a new front in the battle over coconut oil.
In one camp, coconut oil acolytes who claim the stuff can prevent heart disease, increase metabolism and burn fat. In the other, researchers like University of Freiburg professor Karin Michels, who called the stuff "pure poison" in a German-language YouTube  videoposted in July. On Monday, Business Insider brought Michels' comments to an  English-speaking audiencewith an article about the lecture. Michels holds a joint appointment at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
As it turns out, Michels' assessment of coconut oil is a lot closer to what the scientific evidence has to say about the fat than what acolytes claim — though "poison" may be a bit of stretch. Coconut oil is rich in saturated fats, which puts it on the American Heart Association's (AHA) list of foods that are better to avoid. While the occasional splashy study argues that saturated fat is actually healthy, the preponderance of evidence supports the same old conclusion: Saturated fat, and coconut oil by extension, just isn't that good for you.  
"It's not a difficult topic, scientifically," said Frank Sacks, a professor of cardiovascular disease prevention at the Harvard School of Public Health and lead author of an AHA  advisory on dietary fatsreleased last year. Sacks said that he is acquainted with Michels, but did not know of her interest in dietary fats.
The scoop on saturated fat
Coconut oil is about 82 percent saturated fat, according to the AHA. If a fat is saturated, that means it is molecularly structured so that each carbon atom in the fatty acid chain is linked to its maximum number of hydrogen atoms.
The 2017 reportby the AHA said that replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats, like the kind found in olive oil and other vegetable oils, reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by around 30 percent, as found in randomized control trials (in which people are randomly assigned one type of fat in their diet versus another). Because of these experiments, the organization recommends that people keep their daily calories from saturated fats at 5 percent to 6 percent of their daily calories. In a 2,000-calorie diet, that's about 13 grams (0.5 ounces) of saturated fat per day. A tablespoon (15 milliliters) of coconut oil provides 11 grams (0.4 ounces) of saturated fat.
"For most people, that's not going to be where they want to choose their saturated  fatsfrom," said Melissa Majumdar, a dietitian at the Brigham and Women's Hospital Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and a spokesperson for the U.S. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
That 2017 report was nothing new; the AHA has remained staunch in its advice regarding saturated fats for years. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and the American Diabetes Association publish similar guidelines.
"It's very straightforward. There's a huge amount of scientific evidence of many different types from population studies to experiments in animals to experiments in humans that show that saturated fat raises LDL cholesterol," Sacks told Live Science.
Excess LDLs, or low-density lipoproteins, in the blood build up into plaques inside arteries that stiffen the vessel walls and lead to cardiovascular disease. Occasionally, Sacks said, a study comes out that contradicts the preponderance of evidence. These studies usually get a lot of media play, he said, but they are often flawed. For example , a 2017  study in the journal The Lancetfound that high carbohydrate intake in a population increased cardiovascular deaths in that group, but high saturated-fat intake did not.
However, Sacks said, that study had major methodological problems. These included not breaking down carbohydratesby type (processed or whole grain?) and not taking into account that many of the populations studied were subsisting on a high-carb, low-nutrient poverty diet.
Coconut oil claims
Many of the health claims surrounding coconut oil rely on animal studies or research not intended to test the stuff as a part of the human diet. For example, the website of chiropractor and clinical nutritionist Josh Axe, a coconut-oil proponent, touts a 1985 study  in the Journal of Toxicology and  Environmental Healthas showing that coconut oil can boost weight loss. That study actually injected rats with a synthetic chemical resembling the capric acid found in coconut oil. The rats did indeed stop eating and lost weight, but the injection also slowed the animals' heart rates and lowered their basal body temperature, a toxic effect — though fortunately not one particularly relevant to eating coconut products, given that the study was not about diet or even coconut oil.
Another study commonly cited as evidence that coconut oil boosts metabolism does not, in fact, make any such claim, said that study's author, Columbia University's Marie-Pierre St-Onge. Her research has found that refined medium-chain triglyceride oil, a type of fat found in coconut oil, appears to be no more unhealthy than olive oil when included  in a weight-loss diet. Some of St-Onge's studies suggest that medium-chain triglycerides might even promote fat loss compared to the long-chain triglycerides found in other vegetable oils.
But, St-Onge told the AHA in July, her research used a refined oil consisting only of medium-chain triglycerides, different from the off-the-shelf coconut, which is only partly medium-chain triglycerides. It would take 10 tablespoons (150 milliliters) of typical coconut oil to equal the levels of medium-chain triglycerides in St-Onge's research, which would add up to more than 1,000 calories.
In fact, when St-Onge and her colleagues tested standard coconut oil versus corn oil in a study published in the journal Insights in  Nutrition and Metabolism in July 2017, they found no evidence that coconut oil was better for feelings of being satiated, insulin levels, glucose levels or resting energy expenditure. (The study focused on overweight and obese adolescents.)
The bottom line, Majumdar told Live Science, is that coconut oil is fine — say it with us — in moderation.
"I think Americans, in general, like to look at something independently, and we can't look at any food like that," she said. There's no one miracle food that can provide a quick fix for weight loss or health, she said; everything is about balance.
"My message is that we can eat coconut oil," Majumdar said, "but to be mindful of how it fits into our daily life."

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soothsayer

Absolutely agree with the last part of assessment-When taken in moderation, it is also a wonder medicine

bigsam2

If coconut oil is poison, I am "Vish Purush" This kind of snap judgment is par for course these days. Again overdoing anything is bad but if you can find the golden moderation, it has amazing benefits.

KH_Hirsch

80% saturated fat in coconut oil doesn't really qualify for a health improvement. Having a little bit as in tiny is okay, more should be avoided.

Buddha480

' Everything in moderation' , said the wise men of ancient India. But American society deals only in excess and understands only ABSOLUTES. Crazy stuff

parivijesh100

Keralite eat only coconut oil cooked dishes & they are one of the most intellectual persons & also hold many top Govt position. So her claim is simply laughable

aho105

Anything in moderation and with the right combination of foods is good. I live in the coastal are and coconut and its products are part of life. I am 50+ and still alive. So are all other people of Coastal karnataka, Kerala etc., hence calling it "pure poison" is really stretching it. Anything overdone is bad, even calling it "pure poison"

pkgadvocate

Interesting article

n_ramprasad

I will not agree with her, Indians have been using this for centuries with no known bad side effects.

Rhett_Bassard

n_ramprasad 1-9-2018 12:10 PM
I will not agree with her, Indians have been using this for centuries with no known bad side effects ...

Personal observation:

While Indians of centuries ago worked hard and metabolized coconut oil, today's diabetic chubbies glued to a call center chair aren't so healthy.